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Disease-modifying medicines (DMARDs)
DMARDs calm the immune system and slow down joint damage. They take weeks or months to work.
- methotrexate is usually tried first, taken once a week, with folic acid on a different day
- sulfasalazine, hydroxychloroquine and leflunomide are other options
Biological and targeted medicines
If standard DMARDs do not control your RA well enough, you may be offered a biological medicine, such as adalimumab or etanercept, usually as an injection you give yourself. JAK inhibitor tablets are another option.
These medicines lower your ability to fight infection. Ask your team about vaccines, such as the yearly flu jab.
Steroids
Steroids can quickly ease a flare, as tablets or an injection. They are used for short periods because of side effects.
Painkillers
Painkillers and anti-inflammatory medicines can help with symptoms, but do not slow down the disease.
Therapy and support
- physiotherapy to keep joints moving
- occupational therapy for splints and gadgets
- podiatry for foot problems
- a rheumatology nurse or helpline for advice during a flare
- surgery, such as joint replacement, if a joint is badly damaged
You should have a review at least once a year to check your RA and your general health.
Common questions
Why do I need regular blood tests?
Some RA medicines can affect the liver, kidneys or blood cells. Regular blood tests make sure they are safe for you, especially in the first months.
Sources we used
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