Osteoporosis is a condition where your bones become thinner and weaker, so they break more easily. More than 3.5 million people in the UK have it. Breaks often happen after a minor fall or bump that would not normally break a bone. These are called fragility fractures.
Symptoms
Osteoporosis usually has no symptoms until a bone breaks. The most common breaks are in the:
- wrist
- hip
- spine, which can cause back pain, loss of height or a stooped back
Who is at risk?
Everyone's bones get thinner with age, but you are more likely to get osteoporosis if you:
- are a woman who has been through the menopause, especially an early menopause
- have a parent who broke a hip
- have taken steroid tablets for 3 months or more
- have conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, coeliac disease, Crohn's disease or an overactive thyroid
- have a low body weight, smoke, or drink a lot of alcohol
- have had an eating disorder
Getting diagnosed
Your GP may work out your risk of a break using a tool such as FRAX or QFracture. You may be sent for a DEXA scan, a quick and painless X-ray that measures how dense your bones are. The result is given as a T-score. A score of -2.5 or lower means osteoporosis.
Read about treatment for osteoporosis.
Common questions
Is osteoporosis painful?
Osteoporosis itself is not painful. Pain comes from broken bones, such as a fracture in the spine, which can cause long-term back pain.
Can men get osteoporosis?
Yes. It is more common in women, but around 1 in 5 men over 50 will break a bone because of osteoporosis.
Sources we used
- NHS, Osteoporosis
- Royal Osteoporosis Society
- NICE clinical knowledge summary, Osteoporosis, prevention of fragility fractures
We check this page at least once a year, and sooner when the rules change. Read how we check our facts, or tell us if something looks wrong.